![]() The net force is the vector sum of all the forces that act upon an object. It is commonly said that in each situation there is a net force acting upon the object. In each of the above situations, there is an unbalanced force. Note that the actual magnitudes of the individual forces are indicated on the diagram. Free-body diagrams for three situations are shown below. The existence of an unbalanced force for a given situation can be quickly realized by looking at the free-body diagram for that situation. If either all the vertical forces (up and down) do not cancel each other and/or all horizontal forces do not cancel each other, then an unbalanced force exists. In the statement of Newton's first law, the unbalanced force refers to that force that does not become completely balanced (or canceled) by the other individual forces. An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Diagram the forces acting upon the car.If you have been reading through Lessons 1 and 2, then Newton's first law of motion ought to be thoroughly understood. Diagram the forces acting upon the football as it rises upward towards its peak.Ģ5 A car is coasting to the right and slowing downĪ car is coasting to the right and slowing down. Diagram the forces acting upon the sled.Ģ3 A football is moving upwards towards its peak after having been booted by the punter. Diagram the forces acting upon the skydiver.Ģ1 A force is applied to the right to drag a sled across loosely packed snow with a rightward acceleration. Diagram the vertical forces acting on the backpack.ġ9 A skydiver is descending with a constant velocityĪ skydiver is descending with a constant velocity. The pack is suspended motionless by one strap from one shoulder. Diagram the forces acting on the book.ġ7 A college student rests a backpack upon his shoulderĪ college student rests a backpack upon his shoulder. Diagram the forces acting on the book.ġ5 A rightward force is applied to a book in order to move it across a desk at constant velocity. Diagram the forces acting on the squirrel.ġ3 A rightward force is applied to a book in order to move it across a desk with a rightward acceleration. Diagram the forces acting on the egg as it is falling.ġ1 A flying squirrel is gliding (no wingflaps) from a tree to the ground at constant velocity. Neglect air resistanceĪn egg is free-falling from a nest in a tree. Diagram the forces acting on the book.ĩ An egg is free-falling from a nest in a tree. ![]() Spring Force Fspring The spring force is the force exerted by a compressed or stretched spring upon any object that is attached to it.ħ A book is at rest on a tabletop. This force will frequently be neglected due to its negligible magnitude Tension Force Ftens The tension force is the force that is transmitted through a string, rope, cable or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends. The force of air resistance is often observed to oppose the motion of an object. Air Resistance Force Fair The air resistance is a special type of frictional force that acts upon objects as they travel through the air. The force of gravity on earth is always equal to the weight of the Normal Force Fnorm The normal force is the support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object Friction Force Ffrict The friction force is the force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an effort to move across it. Diagram the forces acting on the combination of girl and bar.Ħ Gravity Force (also known as Weight) Fgrav All objects upon earth experience a force of gravity that is directed "downward" towards the center of the earth. Spring Force Fspring The spring force is the force exerted by a compressed or stretched spring upon any object that is attached to it.ĥ A girl is suspended motionless from the ceiling by two ropesĪ girl is suspended motionless from the ceiling by two ropes. Tension Force Ftens The tension force is the force that is transmitted through a string, rope, cable or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends. Friction Force Ffrict The friction force is the force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an effort to move across it. Normal Force Fnorm The normal force is the support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object. The force of gravity on earth is always equal to the weight. 3 Gravity Force (Weight) Fgrav All objects upon earth experience a force of gravity that is directed "downward" towards the center of the earth.
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